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HTML5

HTML5 is a core technology markup language of the Internet used for structuring and presenting content for the World Wide Web
We all know that a certain degree of structure is needed, and somebody clearly needs to be in charge of
the specification of HTML5. That challenge is the job of three important organizations:
• Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (WHATWG): Founded in
2004 by individuals working for browser vendors Apple, Mozilla, Google, and
Opera, WHATWG develops HTML and APIs for web application development and
provides open collaboration of browser vendors and other interested parties.
• World Wide Web Consortium (W3C): The W3C contains the HTML working group
that is currently charged with delivering their HTML5 specification.
• Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF): This task force contains the groups
responsible for Internet protocols such as HTTP. HTML5 defines a new
WebSocket API that relies on a new WebSocket protocol, which is under
development in an IETF working group.
A New Vision

HTML5 is based on various design principles, spelled out in the WHATWG specification, that truly
embody a new vision of possibility and practicality.
• Compatibility
• Utility
• Interoperability
• Universal access

TOPIC PROGRAMMING (CORE ACTIVITIES)

ni zamu ya kazi programu ya maendeleo katika awamu tofauti (au hatua) zenye shughuli kwa nia ya kupanga na kusimamia vizuri zaidi. Ni mara nyingi kuchukuliwa subset ya mzunguko mifumo ya maendeleo ya maisha. Mbinu ni pamoja na kabla ya ufafanuzi wa resultat maalum na mabaki kwamba ni kuundwa na kukamilika kwa mradi wa timu kuendeleza au kudumisha maombi.

core activities ina sehemu zinazo wezesha maendeleo kwenye moja ya mchakato ambao:

 
Requirements (Mahitaji) 
uchambuzi katika mifumo ya uhandisi wa programu ya uhandisi, imewazunguka kikazi hizo kwamba kwenda katika kuamua mahitaji au masharti kukutana kwa mwezi au ilibadilika bidhaa au mradi, kuchukua akaunti ya mahitaji uwezekano kutatanisha ya wadau mbalimbali, kuchambua, kuhifadhi, kuhalalisha na kusimamia programu au mahitaji ya mfumo.
 Design
 ni utaratibu ambao wakala inajenga vipimo ya programu artifact, nia ya kutimiza malengo, kwa kutumia seti ya vipengele mali na chini ya constraints.Software kubuni inaweza kutaja ama "shughuli zote zinazohusika katika kufafanua, kutunga, kutekeleza, kuwaagiza , na hatimaye kubadilisha mifumo tata "au" shughuli zifuatazo mahitaji ya vipimo na kabla ya programu.
 Construction
 ni nidhamu programu uhandisi. Ni viumbe wa kina wa kazi programu ya maana kupitia macho ya coding, kuhakiki, kupima kitengo, ushirikiano kupima, na debugging. Ni wanaohusishwa na wengine taaluma programu uhandisi wote, wengi sana kwa kubuni programu na programu ya kupima.
 Testing
 ni uchunguzi uliofanywa na kutoa wadau na taarifa kuhusu ubora wa bidhaa au huduma chini ya mtihani  Programu kupima wanaweza pia kutoa lengo, lengo huru ya programu kwa ajili ya kuruhusu biashara kufahamu na kuelewa hatari ya utekelezaji wa programu.. Mbinu mtihani ni pamoja na mchakato wa utekelezaji wa mpango au maombi kwa nia ya kutafuta programu mende (makosa au makosa mengine).
 Debugging
 Ni utaratibu methodical ya kutafuta na kupunguza idadi ya mende, au kasoro, katika programu ya kompyuta au kipande cha vifaa vya umeme, na hivyo kumfanya kuishi kama ilivyotarajiwa. Debugging inaelekea kuwa vigumu wakati subsystems mbalimbali ni kukazwa pamoja, kama mabadiliko katika moja inaweza kusababisha mende kuibuka katika mwingine.
 deployment

Mkuu kupelekwa mchakato lina shughuli kadhaa yanayohusiana na mabadiliko iwezekanavyo baina yao. Shughuli hizi yanaweza kutokea katika upande uzalishaji au katika upande au matumizi yote mawili. Kwa sababu kila mfumo wa programu ni ya kipekee, taratibu sahihi au taratibu katika kila zoezi ni vigumu kuelezwa. Kwa hiyo, "kupelekwa" inapaswa kutafsiriwa kama mchakato kwa ujumla ambayo ina kuwa umeboreshwa kulingana na mahitaji maalum au sifa. Maelezo mafupi ya kila mojawapo ya shughuli yatawasilishwa baadaye.

 maintenance

 katika uhandisi programu ni muundo wa programu ya bidhaa baada ya kujifungua kusahihisha makosa, ili kuboresha utendaji au sifa nyingine.

Mtazamo wa kawaida wa matengenezo ni kwamba inahusisha tu kurekebisha kasoro. Hata hivyo, utafiti mmoja ulionyesha kwamba zaidi ya 80% ya juhudi matengenezo ni kutumika kwa ajili ya hatua zisizo za marekebisho. mtizamo huu ni unaosababishwa na watumiaji kuwasilisha tatizo anaripoti kuwa katika hali halisi ni nyongeza utendaji na mfumo. [Onesha uthibitisho] Zaidi masomo ya hivi karibuni kuweka mdudu-fixing uwiano karibu na 21%. 

NINI MAANA YA URL(Uniform Resource Locators)

                                       

URL ni anuani kimataifa huongoza nyaraka na rasilimali nyingine katika mtandao wa dunia nzima.

Sehemu ya kwanza ya URL inaitwa itifaki kitambulisho na inaonyesha nini itifaki ya kutumia, na sehemu ya pili inaitwa jina rasilimali na inabainisha IP au jina la uwanja ambapo rasilimali iko. Itifaki kitambulisho na jina rasilimali ni kutengwa kwa matumbo na mikwaju miwili mbele.

URL ni aina maalum ya kitambulisho chenye rasilimali sare (URI), URL maana njia ya kupata rasilimali ya mtandao au mawasiliano ya pande mbili ikijumuisha server na client, URLs kutokea kawaida kwa kurasa kumbukumbu mtandao (http), lakini pia kutumika kwa kuhamisha faili (ftp), barua pepe (mailto), Mbegu upatikanaji (JDBC), na maombi mengine mengi.

url upelekea kusaidiwa na kitu protocol identifier ili kuendesha mtandao hupatikani katika njia zote kumudu katika sehemu zote.

Pia protocol identifier utumika kama muongozaji wa utambulishi wa rasilimali kwa njia ya mtandao ili kuipa nafasi na bila kuleta muingiliano kwa mtandao au kwenye mawasiliano.

Protocal identifier ina aina mbali mbali za kuzitambulisha kama moja wapo:

http: Hypertext Transfer Protocol

Ni maombi itifaki kwa kusambazwa, shirikishi, mifumo ya taarifa hypermedia HTTP ni msingi wa mawasiliano ya data kwa mtandao wa dunia nzima..

ftp: File Transfer Protocol

ni mtandao wa itifaki kiwango kutumika kuhamisha mafaili ya kompyuta kutoka kwa mwenyeji mmoja kwa mwenyeji mwingine juu ya mtandao TCP-msingi, kama vile Internet.

FTP ni kujengwa juu ya usanifu mteja-server na anatumia tofauti uhusiano wa kudhibiti na data kati ya mteja na server

mailto: URI scheme that targets

kama kusajiliwa na Mamlaka ya mtandao Zoezi Hesabu (IANA), amefafanua mpango kwa Wikipedia Mail Transfer Itifaki (SMTP) anwani ya barua pepe. Ni inaruhusu watumiaji kubonyeza kiungo katika tovuti kutuma barua pepe bila kwanza kuwa na nakala ya marudio ya barua pepe na kufungua mteja barua pepe. Ingawa matumizi yake si madhubuti defined, URLs ya aina hii ni nia ya kutumika kwa kufungua dirisha jipya ujumbe wa email mteja mtumiaji wakati URL ni kuanzishwa, kwa anuani kama inavyoelezwa na URL katika

jdbc: Java database connectivity technology

ni Java kuunganishwa database teknolojia (Java Standard Edition jukwaa) kutoka Oracle Corporation. Teknolojia hii ni API kwa Java programu lugha ambayo amefafanua jinsi mteja anaweza kupata orodha. Ni hutoa mbinu kwa querying na kuhuisha data katika database. JDBC ni oriented kwa database kimahusiano. Daraja JDBC-to-ODBC itawezesha uhusiano na yoyote chanzo data ODBC-kupatikana katika JVM jeshi mazingira.

IEEE SOFTWARE :

IEEE Its objectives are the educational and technical advancement of electrical and electronic engineering, telecommunications, computer engineering and allied disciplines.
IEE software -is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the IEEE Computer Society covering software processes and practices, software project management, development tools and infrastructure, requirements engineering, software design and architecture, empirical evaluations of software technologies and techniques, human and social aspects of software development, programming languages and paradigms, development of distributed and enterprise software, software testing, and software quality.
    SQA – Software quality assurance IEEE 730
    SCM – Software configuration management IEEE 828
    STD – Software test documentation IEEE 829
    SRS – Software requirements specification IEEE 830
    V&V – Software verification and validation IEEE 1012
    SDD – Software design description IEEE 1016
    SPM – Software project management IEEE 1058
    SUD – Software User Documentation IEEE 1063

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software development archtech

Software development
 is the computer programming, documenting, testing, and bug fixing involved in creating and maintaining applications and frameworks involved in a software release life cycle and resulting in a software product. The term refers to a process of writing and maintaining the source code, but in a broader sense of the term it includes all that is involved between the conception of the desired software through to the final manifestation of the software, ideally in a planned and structured process.Therefore, software development may include research, new development, prototyping, modification, reuse, re-engineering, maintenance, or any other activities that result in software products.

SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS(TOPIC IN PROGRAMMING)

known as the phase of the life cycle of software and software development for software of various processes or that it was selected for the development of the project according to the objectives of the project. Waterfall model shows a variety of approaches to software development and an example of the steps taken in the phase of software development.There are following six phases in every Software development life cycle model:

    Requirement gathering and analysis
    Design
    Implementation or coding
    Testing
    Deployment
    Maintenance

1) Requirement gathering and analysis:  Business requirements are gathered in this     phase. This phase is the main focus of the project managers and stake holders. Meetings with managers, stake holders and users are held in order to determine the requirements like; Who is going to use the system? How will they use the system?  What data should be input into the system?  What data should be output by the system?  These are general questions that get answered during a requirements gathering phase. After requirement gathering these requirements are analyzed for their validity and the possibility of incorporating the requirements in the system to be development is also studied.

Finally, a Requirement Specification document is created which serves the purpose of guideline for the next phase of the model.

2)  Design:  In this phase the system and software design is prepared from the requirement specifications which were studied in the first phase. System Design helps in specifying hardware and system requirements and also helps in defining overall system architecture. The system design specifications serve as input for the next phase of the model.

3)  Implementation / Coding:  On receiving system design documents, the work is divided in modules/units and actual coding is started. Since, in this phase the code is produced so it is the main focus for the developer. This is the longest phase of the software development life cycle.

4)  Testing:  After the code is developed it is tested against the requirements to make sure that the product is actually solving the needs addressed and gathered during the requirements phase. During this phase unit testing, integration testing, system testing, acceptance testing are done.

5)  Deployment: After successful testing the product is delivered / deployed to the customer for their use.

6) Maintenance: Once when the customers starts using the developed system then the actual problems comes up and needs to be solved from time to time. This process where the care is taken for the developed product is known as maintenance.